The Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) is a system that uses lithium/lead batteries as energy storage carriers to store and supply energy for a certain period of time. The provided energy has functions such as smooth transition, peak shaving and valley filling, frequency regulation and voltage regulation.

Inductor type energy storage: Utilizing itself as an energy storage element, the stored electrical energy is proportional to the square of its own inductance and the current flowing through it: E=L * I * I/2. Due to the resistance of inductance at room temperature, which consumes energy, many energy storage technologies use superconductors. Inductive energy storage is not yet mature and has relatively few applications;

Capacitor type energy storage: It is also an energy storage component, and the stored electrical energy is proportional to the square of its own capacitance and terminal voltage: E=C * U * U/2. Capacitive energy storage is easy to maintain and does not require superconductors. Supercapacitors are generated by utilizing the characteristic of capacitor type energy storage to provide instantaneous high power, and are suitable for applications such as lasers and flash lamps.

In addition, there are other energy storage methods, such as mechanical energy storage.

Including energy storage, photovoltaic, hydropower, etc., energy storage systems are the core components of microgrids, often used in conjunction with photovoltaic, wind power, etc.