Under the guidance of modern science and technology and scientific methodology, people conducted a series of experiments on electricity. In 1731, British pastor Gray distinguished conductors and insulators from experiments and believed that electricity was a fluid. Electricity is both a fluid, and fluids such as water can be stored in containers. Guided by this idea, the first container in the history of electricity to store electric charges was born.

In the application of electrical energy, efficient conversion of other forms of energy into electrical energy and safe storage of electrical energy are undoubtedly crucial. Currently, electrical energy storage mainly converts it into other forms of energy, such as electricity → kinetic energy, electricity → chemical energy, etc. A battery converts electrical energy into chemical energy for storage. In fact, regardless of the method used, the conversion efficiency and storage capacity of batteries are currently very low.

Current Situation of Energy Storage Batteries in China

The commonly used energy storage battery in China is lead-acid battery, which is gradually being replaced by other batteries. Lithium ion batteries, sodium sulfur batteries, and liquid flow batteries have gradually become the focus of attention. Most of these batteries have made significant technological progress and have also obtained many practical applications.

For the photovoltaic industry, technological expansion at the three levels of process, structure, and materials can all improve the research and development level of energy storage batteries to a certain extent.